Common Stressor Related Disorders ( Disorder ) - 913 Words

Stressor-related disorders are expressed in many forms throughout different individuals. Common stressor-related disorders are one trauma and stressor-related disorder or anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive or related disorder, or dissociative disorder. One particular stress-related disorder that has caught my attention is dissociative identity disorder. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by having two or more personalities within an individual. Typically, one is dominant and present most of the time but, at all times, one personality is always present. This disorder is defined as â€Å"an unconscious defense mechanism by which an idea, thought, emotion, or other mental process is separated from the consciousness and thereby loses emotional significance (Tracy 2009). Dissociative disorder is usually a defense mechanism that was caused by a severe traumatic event early in childhood. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) describes the criteria f or meeting this disorder, â€Å"1. Two or more distinct identities or personality states are present, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to and thinking about the environment and self. 2. Amnesia must occur, defined as gaps in the recall of everyday events, important personal information and/or traumatic events. This criteria for DID newly recognizes that amnesia doesn t just occur for traumatic events but, rather, everyday events, too. 3. The person must be distressedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Adjustment Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment812 Words   |  4 PagesAdjustment Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment Adjustment disorder is a mental disorder that results from unhealthy responses to stressful or psychologically distressing events in life. This failure to adapt then leads to the development of emotional and behavioral symptoms. 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Wicked Angel by Taylor Caldwell Free Essays

Wicked Angel by Taylor Caldwell is a suspenseful and intriguing magnum opus beginning from the very first page; there are no dull moments in the Saint household. Caldwell has a brilliant gift for the creation of characters, as all the characters were so full of life. Angelo Saint was described as the prototypical psychopath that is, â€Å"born without a soul†. We will write a custom essay sample on Wicked Angel by Taylor Caldwell or any similar topic only for you Order Now An overindulged only child, Angelo has his devoted mother wrapped around his fingers while his more practical father Mark, looks with horrified wonder from the sidelines. Angelo intensely detests his maternal Aunt Alice, who recognizes his social disorder from the start. At the opening of the story, Angelo, then 4, expresses deep rage at Alice and this rage manifested in bouts of wetting accidents. He then attacks Alice by smashing the contents of her purse; he destroys her sunglasses; used her handkerchief as toilet paper and flush some of her money down the toilet. His loving, but foolish mother Katherine condones his actions by insisting it was just a childish prank. Mark, however, punishes Angelo. Over the years, Angelo’s cruelties become more subtle and clever. At 6, he discreetly kills a pet dog, which Alice discovers when she visits her sister’s family at their summer place in 1959; he frightens away the birds and woodland creatures, viewing them as â€Å"weak enemies†, and he nearly kills Alice by pushing her over a cliff. Luckily, she is saved, but does not testify against her nephew. Angelo is described as physically large for his age, stunning in appearance and mentally gifted. At 10, he nearly poisons a housekeeper because she senses he is not the â€Å"Angel Saint†, as Katherine calls him; he hounds a classmate out of his prestigious prep school; he pit people against one another and broke a teacher’s arm â€Å"accidentally† during a school football game. He uses charm to get out of every difficulty and has all, but these few, whom he has hurt, fooled. When Katherine becomes pregnant with a second child in 1963, she senses it is wise not to tell Angelo. He pesters her for information about why she is going to the doctor and once he discovers the secret, kills the unborn child, Katherine, and later perishes. Even his death is bizarre – he trips down a flight of steps, only to land his head on the marble floor below. Katherine dies in the hospital, confiding to Alice that she really knew what an evil son she truly had. How to cite Wicked Angel by Taylor Caldwell, Papers

Globalization And Environment Quantifying Corporate Strategy Free Sol

Questions: Critically examine the relationship and the need for compatibility between corporate strategic and functional management policies. Analyse the internal and external influences on corporate objectives and strategy. Demonstrate the need for flexibility in strategic management and the practical limits of quantifying corporate strategy. Answers: The report undertaken is to analyse the organization structure with different strategies that the Warner Bros adopted. The report highlighted the models that could be helped in analysis like the pastel analysis for situation analysis, porter's five forces and porter's generic strategy for competitive analysis, swot analysis for the analysis of internal environment and Ansoff matrix for strategy evaluation. However, the report gives an overview of the working of the company to the changes that will be helpful if adopted like the partnership strategy or cost effective strategy. However, the study highlighted the problem associated with the technology that the company needs to keep on changing to catch the interest of the customers. The recommendations that could be best suitable would be the need of changing global conditions, meeting the growing technology, looking into for short-term strategies and the decision of movies according to the target population. Warner Bros Entertainment Inc. is a wide based entertainment company, which is fully integrated and has achieved global leadership in all forms of entertainment whether it is licensing, distribution, introduction, marketing or creation. However, Warner Bros is one of the subsidiaries of Time Warner Company that is home to a successful collection of brands in the world (Warnerbros.com, 2016). In this report, the strategic analysis will be done based on the vision and mission, macro and micro environmental factors within the Film TV Entertainment segment as well takes advantages of opportunities within these segments and different strategies and options opted for its execution. Nonetheless, the report is carried out to analyze the feasibility, acceptability and suitability of the strategies adopted and their execution. However, the evaluation will not only help in understanding the growth of the subsidiary company but will also examine the strategic benefits and issues. Corporate Objectives The objectives of any organisation revolve around the official and the operational goals that it performs to undertake that can be explained as vision and mission statement (Krajewski, et al., 2013). Warner Bros vision and mission statement are given as: Vision - The significant and continuous growth of the company in the long run with the production and distribution of the various diversified portfolio of products offered (Warnerbros.com, 2016). Mission The mission statement of Warner Bros Company can be defined as follows. To maximise log term profits with a focus on sales, marketing and creative efforts on prioritized characters and properties that are likely to generate strong sales To build the brand with the retailers foe the consumers Align with selected licenses such that working with retailers, partners, licensees and other divisions of Time Warner Company. Building a portfolio to remit different brands and opportunities (Grnig and Khn, 2015). The strategy that incorporates and continues to adhere has guided the company well in investing and being home to best content, leading in digital innovation, allocating and operating capital efficiently and expanding the international presence of the Warner Time Company with its subsidiaries (Warnerbros.com, 2016). External Analysis PESTEL Analysis The macro environment studies the external analysis of the company with a checklist to analyse on the political, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental and legal facets of the environment. The report presented to the board of directors will be analysed on the impact of these facets of the environment to be used in the decision-making by the senior management and board of directors (Kohler, 2013). Political Factors The political alignment at local and national levels have regulations imposed on the film and entertainment industry because the production can range up to millions of dollars from the emerging markets. The industry is facing a continuous pressure from the industrial groups transmitting certain channels of the film and entertainment. However, this is not only impacting TV but film production even as the consumers wish to get more than required (Katkin, 2013). Economic Factors The Warner Bros subsidiary company operates on an expensive platform while facing trade deficit in the economy. The regulations have cost the advertising price to rise creating an issue by increasing money stakes and operating in a risky environment. However, the cost is a one-time expenditure but in meantime, the company can increase its revenue. With the increasing GDP to 17,419 US billion dollars, depleting unemployment rate to 6.2% and with a slight increase in the inflation rate from 1.5% in 2013 to 1.6% in 2014 shows a favourable environment for the Warner Bros company to diversify its products portfolio (Gran 2016). Socio-cultural Factors The changes in value is one of the key factors that changes the market. The increasing influence and the change of watch movies from big screen to laptop screen is a common phenomenon, but the major challenges are faced in geographical locations. The industry deals with attitude as well as changing tastes and preference in the selection of movies, animation, comic books and brand licensing (Cattani et al., 2012). Technological Factors The change in technology is facing an increase in popularity of 3D, 4D and 7D technology. The formation of DVD formats has enhanced the promotional base of the company. The company is good at building a diversified portfolio of products, which helps in getting a positive response from the customers and increasing the integration of IT with different stages of movie production (Lamb, et al., 2014). Environmental Factors The environment plays a sufficient role in the Warner Time subsidiary company. Nevertheless, with increasing eco-tourism and global warming, the issues are affecting the locations for the production of movies and workshops for comics and distribution as all products and inputs need to be eco-friendly (Christoff and Eckersley, 2013). Legal Factors Legally, the regulators act as watchdogs on the activities of the organization such that the legal barriers imposed to enter the emerging markets. The issues that highlight the slow production of the company are the licensing issues and intellectual property concerns. The regulators such as FCC and MPAA charge huge subscriptions from the customers in United States, which has led to revenue and now the Time Warner Company is opting to diversify its portfolio to phone companies in the area of the franchise (Katkin, 2013). Porters Competitive Forces The competitive analysis of Warner Bros can be analysed on Michael Porters five forces to judge the overall competitiveness of five separate factors using the effective tool. The rivalry can be analysed on the based model in Figure 1. Figure 1 Porter's Five Forces Source: (Moore, 2014) Bargaining power of suppliers This is assumed to be high in the Warner Bros Company being an entertainment and film industry where there is competition due to a unique pattern that is served by the actors as suppliers as well as human resources. According to this approach, the A rated actors have been attracted towards franchises of Warner Bros like Batmen, Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings, etc. Rivalry among existing competitors The rivalry in Warner Bros is majorly high between the industries of entertainment and film because of competitors like Walt Disney Studios, Paramount Picture Corporation, Fox Filmed Industries and many more. Bargaining power of buyers The power of buyers also comes in the high category as the customers do not have any switching costs for Warner Bros. that is energized by profusion offers in the industry (Dudovskiy, 2014). Threat of substitute products Warner Bros has a diversified portfolio that itself offers a wide variety of products like comic books, video games, short films, animation and also includes the recognition of social networking sites like Twitter, Facebook and YouTube. Threat of New Entrants The threat of new entrants is moderately low due to the cost barriers to entering the market is high. Nevertheless, the technological advancement of the internet has provided low cost barriers in turn increasing the threat of new entrants (Magretta, 2013). According to the Porters Five Forces, Warner Bros has a strong control over market and has moderately less competition from the new entrants to compete with. Above and all, the companys popularity is gaining superiority. Internal Analysis SWOT Analysis The internal analysis highlights the SWOT analysis a company faces from its internal structure as well as external structure. Warner Bros is a subsidiary company whose viability is analyzed in the market with the effectiveness that a company holds. The chart below in Figure 2 can explain the internal analysis for the Warner Bros Company. Figure 2 SWOT Analysis Source: (Chu et al., 2010), (Dudovskiy, 2014) Analysis of Business Functions The business functions can be described as the internal functions of a company that helps to carry out the mission of the company. However, business functions can be internal; as well as external. Internal functions are the components of the company and external functions are those which are supplied by an outside agency. The Figure 3 general business functions of a company. Figure 3 Business Functions Source: (Woodcock, 2016) The following three business processes that the company needs to expand and is more effective are marketing, production and quality and public relations. The Warner Bros basic goal is to analyse and maintain its lead by broadcasting growing demand and legitimate business while utilizing technology changes and innovating new business models developing television landscape, including ad-sustained video-on-demand, wireless and broadband, and has digital division agreements with all of the broadcast networks in place (Serdarov, 2015). The company is based on to provide well-established franchises globally to improve profit margins. However, the business function that the company lays stress on is TV production and cable which the company intends to grow to double by 2018-2019 (Tsujihara, 2014). Competitive Strategy Target Market The target market of Warner Brothers is quite vast in the marketing and distribution of film featuring in more than 30 countries varied among different age groups with operating offices and spread over more than 120 international territories. However, Warner Bros is called a global leader and justifies its vast non-ending market. The wide spread is either in theatres or combination with joint ventures or partner companies. Warner Bros Pictures produce a slate of 18-22 slate of movies each year by employing a business paradigm that could lessen the risk and keep the customers intact with full distribution rights (Warnerbros.com, 2016) Porter's Generic Strategy Framework Porter's Generic Strategy Framework is one of the popular tools to analyse the need for competitive analysis in the company. However, the need to use this analysis is to pursue the cost efficiency strategies and product differentiation strategies in a particular customer section. However, the company chooses a strategy that maximises the profit by offering products at lower prices with exceptional quality (Solaimani and Bouwman, 2012). The Warner Bros Porter's Generic Strategies can be defined and explained with the help of Figure 4 below. Source: (Smith et al., 2014) According to Warner Bros, it does not follow a defined strategy as it only engages in the diversification of products in quality as well as delivery. However, the quality of films, entertainment and animated products belong to the diversification of nature of ideas and narrative when communicated as well as catching the attention of A-list actress and actors. The diversification on the company's perspective is achieved based on consumption and delivery focusing on entertainment and media of digitisation. The popular series produced by Warner Bros are Vampire Diaries, Rizzoli and Isles, Big Bang Theory, Mentalist and Two and Half Man that have attracted critics because of the high level of originality (Warnerbros.com, 2016). Strategic Choice The strategic choices can be elaborated by the Ansoff Growth matrix that offers four different growth alternatives for a firm to grow. The Figure 5 below will help in analysing the market and products for Warner Bros. Figure 5 Ansoff Matrix Source: (Dudovskiy, 2014) The growth strategy is different with every industry. Warner Bros the followed the policy of market penetration and product development at its initial stages for producing entertainment shows. However, due to the following of this strategy, Warner Bros acclaimed a lot of success for the following of this strategy in the season of 2012 and 2013. Hence, just the adoption of this strategy made Warner Bros get 30% of the TV broadcast in US (Ir.timewarner.com, 2016). The result was growing and according to the annual report of 2013, Warner Bros acquired 55% share of Shed Media Plc in UK is known to be one of the foremost firms in entertainment. Now, recently, Warner Bros also follows diversification strategy because of the diversified portfolio that exists with the company on quality and delivery content as well as the amusement of films and consumption of services and products as stated in porter's generic strategy framework (Heinemann, 2015). Strategic Evaluation The strategic evaluation of the Warner Bros can be based on the strategy adopted in Ansoff Matrix as it can be outlined that though Warner Bros follows a strategy that either is product development or diversification, it looks good only on paper but in reality, there is some risk involved in the process. The risk can be analysed based on the changes in technology concerning studio executives with laying stress on the three dimensions of strategic evaluation namely suitability, feasibility and acceptability (Vrontis, 2016). Suitability On this factor, Warner Bros might not stand to it for a longer of time because of the changing environment and the advanced technology that has been enhancing day after day. Feasibility On this factor, the success of the company can be fluctuating because of the change in demand of consumers that would wish to experience new technologies every day and that would not be possible, as the production cost will increase. However, the company does not follow cost effective policies that could help in controlling cost (Serdarov, 2015). Acceptability The acceptability may even decline when the feasibility principle would suffer. Nonetheless, the fact prevails that film industry margin is only successful if the creation of content is new and catches the eye of the customers. However, a decline in demand will lead to a decline in revenue as well leading the company to company's downfall in future (Time Warner, 2014). Recommendations The recommendations that could help Warner Bros Company to strategise their strategies are given as follows: One possible alternative is to finance productions so that the company can succeed because the strategies are best fit for short-term. Investors and others would be hesitant if the partnership strategy is enacted. However, the best way to meet the demands would be collaborating in films and work on its development. In production, one studio fights over details that lead to communication conflicts and clashes in ego to meet their demands. Nonetheless, partnerships should opt or delegation of activities should be proper (Serdarov 2015). The other major issue that could need a suggestion would be the decision of movies according to the selection process based on the age, ratings, international and demographical need. The chartbuster movies should include multiple genres to plea to huge audiences who can know-how multiple emotions in a single production of the film. Hence, successful movies tend to cover action, comedy, tragedy, and romance collectively (Chu et al., 2010). The risks are common in any organization who is facing success but with weak domestic and global conditions and disturbance in markets, the marketing and costing will continue to increase and will get difficult to built feature film. However, the option of adopting cost-effective strategies would be beneficial because it will help in earning profit but making fewer expenses that could hamper the organization (Warnerbros.com, 2016). Finally, if the business does not persist in following its foundation values that is striving for innovation and brilliance in storytelling, then the results will display shingle and resilience in tricky situations in the future (Serdarov, 2015). The report has performed the strategic analysis of the vision and mission, macro and micro environmental factors, internal analysis and different strategies and options opted for its execution. However, when analysed on the feasibility, acceptability and suitability of the strategies adopted, it came out that the strategies followed might only favour in the short run than in long run. However, the recommendations suggested will help the company to maintain and achieve success in long-term. Conclusions The report has performed the strategic analysis of the vision and mission, macro and micro environmental factors, internal analysis and different strategies and options opted for its execution. However, when analysed on the feasibility, acceptability and suitability of the strategies adopted, it came out that the strategies followed might only favour in the short run than in long run. However, the recommendations suggested will help the company to maintain and achieve success in long-term. The strategic report on Warner Bros. mentions the problems of changing environment and advanced technology. The growing environment needs a more skillful environment that could provide delegation over authorities on expansion in studios or undertaking any area of its domain, accessibility to multiple genres to plea to huge audiences, the need to meet the global conditions by cost effective strategies whether it is high substitutability of the product or rivalry amongst competitors. Lastly, following foundation values to follow innovation. to keep the dominance in market intact. References Cattani, G., Ferriani, S., Frederiksen, L. And Tube, F., (2012). Management. Christoff, P. and Eckersley, R., (2013).Globalization and the Environment. Rowman Littlefield Publishers. Chu, M., Jo, Y., Liu, N. and Tan, J. (2010).Warner Bros. Entertainment. [online] scf.usc.edu. Available at: https://www-scf.usc.edu/~yoanjo/warner%20bros.pdf [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Dudovskiy, J. (2014).Ansoff Growth Matrix - Research Methodology. [online] Research Methodology. Available at: https://research-methodology.net/ansoff-growth-matrix/ [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Dudovskiy, J. (2014).Warner Bros. PESTEL Analysis - Research Methodology. [online] Research Methodology. Available at: https://research-methodology.net/warner-bros-pestel-analysis/ [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Dudovskiy, J. (2014).Warner Bros. Porters Five Forces Analysis - Research Methodology. [online] Research Methodology. Available at: https://research-methodology.net/warner-bros-porters-five-forces-analysis/ [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Dudovskiy, J. (2014).Warner Bros. SWOT Analysis - Research Methodology. [online] Research Methodology. Available at: https://research-methodology.net/warner-bros-swot-analysis/ [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Gran, (2016). U.S. Economic Outlook. [Blog]Focus-Economics. Available at: https://www.focus-economics.com/countries/united-states [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Grnig, R. and Khn, R., (2015). Stakeholder Analysis and Revising the Mission Statement. InThe Strategy Planning Process(pp. 77-83). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Heinemann, F., 2015.Corporate Accelerators: A Study on Prevalence, Sponsorship, and Strategy(Doctoral dissertation, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY). Ir.timewarner.com, (2016).Time Warner - Investor Relations - Annual Reports. [online] Available at: https://ir.timewarner.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=70972p=irol-reportsannual [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Katkin, M. (2013).External Analysis of Time Warner Inc. in the Entertainment and Film Industry. [online] wordpress.com. Available at: https://michaelkatkin.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/twx-external.pdf [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Khler, I., 2013. Strategic marketing analysis of Walt Disneys Parks and Resorts. Krajewski, L.J., Ritzman, L.P. and Malhotra, M.K., (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains. Pearson. Lamb, C., Hair, J. and McDaniel, C., (2014).MKTG 8. Cengage Learning. Magretta, J., (2013).Understanding Michael Porter: The essential guide to competition and strategy. Harvard Business Press. Moore, K. (2014).Use Porters Five Forces to Widen Your View on Competitive Forces. [online] Business 2 Community. Available at: https://www.business2community.com/marketing/use-porters-five-forces-widen-view-competitive-forces-01010538#wTKBQ5lR1g1yzuxE.97 [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Serdarov, V. (2015).A Critical Evaluation of the Strategy of Warner Bros.. [online] moviepilot.com. Available at: https://moviepilot.com/posts/2902036 [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Smith, M.W., Sun, W., Sutherland, J. and Mackie, B., 2014. Game Advertising: A Conceptual Framework and Exploration of Advertising Prevalence.The Computer Games Journal,3(1), pp.94-123. Solaimani, S. and Bouwman, H., (2012). A framework for the alignment of business model and business processes: a generic model for trans-sector innovation.Business Process Management Journal,18(4), pp.655-679. Time Warner., (2014), Our Strategy. [online] timewarner.com. Available at: https://www.timewarner.com/company/strategy [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Tsujihara, K., CEO - Warner Bros. (2014) Time Warner Inc. Investor Meeting, p.3-6, p.8, p.11-13, p.27-34, p.42-53 Vrontis, D. (2016).EMI and Time Warner. The Analysis of the Industry as a Key Factor to Strategic Formulation. [online] Academia.edu. Available at: https://www.academia.edu/389605/EMI_and_Time_Warner._The_Analysis_of_the_Industry_as_a_Key_Factor_to_Strategic_Formulation [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Warnerbros.com, (2016).Company Overview. [online] Available at: https://www.warnerbros.com/studio/about/company-overview [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Warnerbros.com, (2016).Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.. [online] Available at: https://www.warnerbros.com/studio/divisions/warner-bros-entertainment-inc [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016]. Woodcock, B. (2016).Business Functions. [online] Kent.ac.uk. Available at: https://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/workin/business-functions.htm [Accessed 4 Mar. 2016].

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay Sample free essay sample

At some point during their life-times. some people are bound to endure from a psychological upset. They may be afflicted with schizophrenic disorder. marginal personality upset. major depressive upset. bipolar upset. or post-traumatic emphasis upset. However. one anxiousness upset involvements me personally. which locks the persons that suffer from it into a ageless rhythm of uninterrupted ideas and behaviours. This upset is obsessive-compulsive upset. which is normally known as OCD. Basically. OCD is a psychological upset where people possess unwanted and perennial ideas. feelings. thoughts. esthesiss ( compulsions ) . or behaviours that make them experience driven to execute certain actions ( irresistible impulses ) . Keeping this definition in head. it makes sense that those who are distressed by this upset are preoccupied with regulations. methodicalness. and control. More specifically. the symptoms of OCD include a sense of urgency in actions. feeling disquieted if modus operandis are interrupted. perfectionism. emotional backdown when the state of affairs is unmanageable. We will write a custom essay sample on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page the inability to throw things off ( stashing ) . a deficiency of flexibleness. A ; obsessions/compulsions that aren’t due to medical unwellness or drug usage ( and which cause major hurt or interfere with mundane life ) . Since this upset emphasizes compulsions and irresistible impulses ( hence the name OCD ) . it is of import to concentrate on what precisely these two things are. I will get down by specifying what compulsions are: the ideas. images. or impulses that recur or persist despite a person’s attempts to stamp down them. They are experienced as an unwanted invasion of consciousness that appear to be mindless and objectionable. every bit good as being unacceptable to the individual digesting them. In add-on. the obsessional ideas of people with OCD are really compelling. do a batch of hurting A ; torment. and may interfere with their occupational or societal operation. On top of that. portion of the hurting that OCD sick persons undergo is caused by their defeat at acknowledging the unreason or inordinate nature of their compulsions without being able to extinguish them. Common compulsions include those covering with soil. cleanliness. order. symmetricalness. and uncertainty. among ot her things. On the impudent side. irresistible impulses are insistent. purposeful actions that are performed harmonizing to certain regulations or in a ritualized mode in response to an compulsion. Compulsive behaviour is normally performed in order to forestall or cut down the uncomfortableness associated with some awful state of affairs. However. compulsive behaviour is either unreasonable or clearly inordinate. At least ab initio. people with OCD resist transporting out their irresistible impulses but this depends wholly on the temper that they are in. When they feel composures. they view their irresistible impulses as being senseless. In contrast. when they experience an addition in anxiousness. the power of the ritualistic compulsive behaviour becomes resistless as they are seeking to alleviate their personal tenseness in some manner. It merely so happens that they achieve this by transporting out these irresistible impulses repeatedly. Some illustrations of irresistible impulses include resistless impulses to clean. look intoing that visible radiations or contraptions have been turned off. and numbering objects or ownerships. Now that you have an apprehension of what obsessive-compulsive upset is every bit good as the symptoms associated with it. it is merely suiting that I talk about the basic beginnings of how OCD appears in human existences. Specifically. I will emphasize the biological. psychodynamic. behavioural. and cognitive facets of how OCD comes to be ( in that exact order ) . Therefore. I will get down by discoursing the biological causes of OCD. Harmonizing to MRI techniques. it has been revealed that there are really widespread abnormalcies in the encephalons of OCD patients compared to the encephalons of mean people. Most notably. there is greater cortical thickness in countries of the encephalon that typically allow people to forestall certain behaviours. As a consequence. there is possible for the communicating among nerve cells to go out of use off. This serves as a partial account as to why people with OCD have major trouble in commanding behavioural irresistible impulses. Looking at the psychodynamic beginnings of OCD. it can be viewed that obsessional behaviour serves as an effort to displace anxiousness created by a connected yet far more feared struggle or desire. In order for them to derive alleviation. OCD victims can replace an compulsion that symbolically captures the out urge. Therefore. the compulsive preoccupation with transporting out a minor ritualistic undertaking allows the person to avoid the original issue that initiated the unconscious struggle. In footings of the behavioural causes of the upset. behavioural analysis of OCD suggests that compulsive behaviours have a inclination to cut down the anxiousness associated with obsessional ideas. Therefore. the anxiousness serves as a support of compulsive behaviour. For illustration. if a adult female fears taint by touching refuse. so rinsing her custodies reduces the anxiousness associated with the physical contact with rubbish A ; is later reenforcing. Additionally. OCD ( in similar manner to phobias ) continues to be maintained by the decrease in anxiousness that follows from compulsive behaviours. Finally. I will discourse the cognitive beginnings of OCD. on which a research survey from 2003 exists that genuinely pinpoints this peculiar beginning of the upset. It was conducted by Ceschi A ; his fellow research workers and consisted of OCD patients ( whose symptoms focused on cleanliness issues ) who observed a research worker touch a series of objects with a â€Å"clean A ; unused† tissue or a â€Å"dirty amp ; already used† tissue. A memory trial was administered after the completion of the experimental process and the consequences were interesting but non surprising: OCD sick persons had the greater ability to remember which objects were â€Å"dirty† instead than which objects were â€Å"clean† . From these findings. it merely confirms the impression that people who suffer from anxiousness upsets focus their attending on secular facets that could perchance assist in protracting their anxiousness. With the completion of the background on the roots of OCD. you may be inquiring what different intervention methods are available for this specific upset. Well. I will state you. To get down with. there are assorted medicines in being that can assist people get by easier with the symptoms of OCD. One of them is the drug Prozac. which increases 5-hydroxytryptamine degrees in the human organic structure that were at lower degrees in the past due to the presence of OCD. Benzodiazepines are besides used on occasion for handling OCD but are perceived to be by and large uneffective despite being rather efficient when utilized in a little sample of OCD sick persons. However. they are still a possible intervention option for intervention immune instances. In footings of therapy. there are three different sorts that are at the patients’ disposal: cognitive-behavioral therapy. talk therapy and psychodynamic therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is by far the most good amongst the three due to the really high rates of success when utilized in the intervention of OCD. Talk therapy and psychodynamic therapy are both helpful every bit good when used as intervention. It is of import to take cautiousness. nevertheless. if the OCD patient is besides afflicted with Major Depressive Disorder ( MDD ) because if this is the instance. psychodynamic therapy becomes uneffective. This was proven in a survey conducted by the University of Torino over a 12-month period from 2009 to 2010. Besides medicines and therapy. one may give mesmerism a attempt to relieve the debilitating symptoms of OCD. Although it isn’t widely used as a signifier of intervention. the medically proved consequences of hypnosis on anxiousness bring greater hope and promise that it can be applied successfully to OCD. The fact that it is recognized as a legitimate healing mode in the medical field solidifies the point farther to hold it employed for this upset. If. for some ground. person is unresponsive to both behavioural therapy A ; medicine. so they have treatment-resistant OCD and must undergo psychosurgery since all other intervention options have failed. Examples of surgery intervention options for OCD include the limbic lobotomy. capsulotomy. and anterior cingulotomy ( process where sawboness create lesions in the limbic system construction ) . All three surgeries usually ha ve no consequence on the patient’s intelligence or memory and look to be every bit effectual. with cingulotomies being perceived as the safest process among the group. Traveling frontward. it is important to maintain in head that for the most portion. psychological upsets are non wholly understood by the general public and people may hold some confusion about them. They could inquire inquiries that deal with. for illustration. the cause of the upset or the unusual behaviour of an single compared to everybody else. The same applies for obsessional compulsive upset as there are a figure of issues. contentions. and misinterpretations in happening throughout society that are corrected through research findings every bit good as the analysis of the upset in greater item. One such myth is that many people believe that a inattentive or unstable upbringing triggered OCD. Nonetheless. through the usage of PET ( Positron Emission Tomography ) . medical experts resolve that a biochemical instability in the encephalon caused the upset. Another myth is that people know everything about OCD but in world. the truth is in the first sentence of this paragraph. The upset isn’t widely discussed and so it’s up to those who are covering with the hurting A ; enduring to distribute the word approximately OCD every bit good as recognize that they have it. Third. it’s believed that OCD is merely a cover-up for avoiding certain activities A ; that failing or indolence is the root of this behaviour. To state the truth. OCD is a existent. disenabling upset and if the individual was self-motivated to make the activity. they would’ve done it without any inquiries asked. Another absurd misinterpretation is that people with OCD are brainsick. which is wholly incorrect. These sick persons are to the full cognizant that their compulsions and irresistible impulses are inordinate yet unmanageable at the same clip. In add-on. a batch of people believe the false impression that compulsions refer to person that is obsessed. In this instance. it would be critical to see OCD in a bigger. more general context and recognize that peoples’ rites A ; compulsions cause no injury to others. Furthermore. it is smart to do judgements merely when you have been good informed about the upset. The last subject that I would wish to discourse is the future research that is being conducted on OCD with an accent on projected therapies methods in the old ages to come. Currently. there is Deep Brain Stimulation ( DBS ) among the assorted electrical therapy methods in being. However. there are three possible replacings for DBS: Magnetic Stimulation Therapy ( MST ) . Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ( TMS ) . and Vagus Nerve Stimulation ( VNS ) . MST would be preferred over DBS but there are some drawbacks. General anaesthesia would still be needed and it is unknown if a generalised paroxysm ( instead than a changeless stimulation ) is needed for handling OCD every bit good as whether OCD requires changeless or episodic MST intervention. Besides. MST has yet to be tested on human existences. As for TMS. it represents an alternate for non-invasively altering regional encephalon activity. TMS makes usage of a strong handheld magnet for making a time-varying magnetic field every bit good as the creative activity of electrical currents in a superficial cerebral mantle ( electrical simulation without electrodes ) . Of the hereafter therapies listed. TMS is the 1 that appears the most promising A ; to do things better. it has already been tested on worlds. On the other manus. VNS is problematic because even though it has been approved by the FDA to handle epilepsy. it doesn’t look to be a popular usage for handling OCD. On the top. surveies have exhibited that VNS has effects the body’s 5-hydroxytryptamine systems and so farther proving demands to be conducted in order to corroborate this hypothesis. In decision. the changeless betterment of scientific discipline and engineering signifies that the possibilities are endless when it comes to coming up with new solutions A ; intervention methods for obsessive-compulsive upset. In add-on. it is indispensable f or people with OCD to understand A ; accept that they have a psychological upset. If they don’t take this first measure. it will be rather hard for others to exhibit credence A ; understanding toward them.

4 Major Types of Wind Essays - Wind, Vortices, Atmospheric Dynamics

4 Major Types of Wind Essays - Wind, Vortices, Atmospheric Dynamics 4 Major Types of Wind subject = Science title = 4 Major Types of Wind Wind, Its So Much More I did my report on wind. As you may or may not know wind moves horizontally, and the wind that doesnt move horizontally moves vertically. That kind of wind is called a current. Many things may cause these rushes of moving air, one thing would be atmospheric pressure differences. The differences in the distribution of pressure and temperature is caused by the unequal distribution of heat. There are also the differences in the thermal properties of land and the ocean surfaces. When the temperatures of different regions become unequal, the warmer air will normally rise and move over the cold air because the cold air is heavier. That will sometimes cause things like tornadoes. Another way that winds move are by the usually great rotation of the earth. Isnt that enough as it is? Really though..how fast are we rotating and flying through space? Winds are classified into four major types believe it or not. The four major groups are, the local winds, the seasonal winds, the cyclonic and anti cyclonic winds, and th e prevailing winds. Thats kind of impressive if you ask me! Most people think of wind as a slight breeze on a summers day when it could be so much more. There are actually many, many more kinds of wind. You must remember that those are just the four main kinds. Now back to our "summers breeze," the strongest wind ever reliably measured on the surface of the earth was 362 km per hour or 225 miles per hour, recorded on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, on April 12, 1934. Considerably stronger winds, however, occur near the centers of tornadoes. I also thought that that was pretty neat. I got that fact out the Encarta 95 encyclopedia, a very reliable source. Thats where I got a lot of the information in this report. Now we get the chance to talk about the local winds. These winds are determined by the seasonal changes in temperature and pressure over the land as well as water. During the day changes occur, which will exercise a similar but more of a local effect on places. These changes that will only occur during the day are diurnal. These diurnal occurrences happen mostly in the summer, because the land is warmer than the surrounding water during the day and is colder than the water by night. Isnt it strange? Owell. The variations of pressure therefore lead or move a called forth system of breezes directed toward the land during the daytime and back towards the sea at night. These land and sea breezes penetrate to a distance of about 50 km or about 30 miles on and off the shore. Similar daily changes in temperature occur over an irregular terrain and cause mountain and valley breezes. Other winds are brought forth by local phenomena including whirlwinds and winds associated or caused by thunde rstorms. The second kind that were going to talk about is the seasonal winds. The air over the land is warmer in summer and colder in winter than the air over or next to the ocean during the same seasons. During the summer time, the continents consequently becomes the target of low pressure, with winds blowing in from the colder oceans. In the winter, all of the continents are the targets of high pressure, with winds directed toward the warmer oceans. These seasonal winds are typified by the monsoons of the China Sea and the Indian Ocean. This parts about cyclonic and anticyclonic winds. Cyclonic and anticyclonic winds are like hurricanes, tornadoes, and cyclones. Within each of those things, hurricanes, tornadoes, and cyclones, the wind is spinning or winding in a specific direction. Most tornadoes spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern, but occasional tornadoes reverse this behavior. Its unknown why this happens but maybe one day someone will be able to explain why. The speeds of some tornadoes have often placed themselves at more than 480 km per hour or more than 300 miles per hour, although speeds of more than 800 km per hour or 500 miles per hour have been estimated for extremely

Barack Obama - Fifth Weekly Transition Address

Barack Obama Fifth President-Elect Weekly Transition Address Broadcast 6 December 2008Good morning. Yesterday, we received another painful reminder of the serious economic challenge our country is facing when we learned that 533,000 jobs were lost in November alone, the single worst month of job loss in over three decades. That puts the total number of jobs lost in this recession at nearly two million. But this isn’t about numbers. It’s about each of the families those numbers represent. It’s about the rising unease and frustration that so many of you are feeling during this holiday season. Will you be able to put your kids through college? Will you be able to afford health care? Will you be able to retire with dignity and security? Will your job or your husband’s job or your daughter’s or sons jobs be the next ones cut? These are the questions that keep so many Americans awake at night. But its not the first time these questions have been asked though. Weve faced difficult times before, times when our economic destiny seemed to be slipping out of our hands. And at each moment, we have risen to meet the challenge, as one people united by a sense of common purpose. And I know that Americans can rise to the moment once again. But we need action and action now. Thats why Ive asked my economic team to develop an economic recovery plan for both Wall Street and Main Street that will help save or create at least two and a half million jobs, while rebuilding our infrastructure, improving our schools, reducing our dependence on oil, and saving billions of dollars. We won’t do it the old Washington way. We won’t just throw money at the problem. We’ll measure progress by the reforms we make and the results we achieve by the jobs we create, by the energy we save, by whether America is more competitive in the world. Today, Im announcing a few key parts of my plan. First, we will launch a massive effort to make public buildings more energy-efficient. Our government now pays the highest energy bills in the world. We need to change that. We need to upgrade our federal buildings by replacing old heating systems and installing efficient light bulbs. That won’t just save you, the American taxpayer, billions of dollars each year. It will put people back to work. Second, we will create millions of jobs by making the single largest new investment in our national infrastructure since the creation of the federal highway system in the 1950s. We’ll invest your precious tax dollars in new and smarter ways, and we’ll set a simple rule: Use it or lose it. If a state doesn’t act quickly to invest in roads and bridges in their communities, they’ll lose the money. Third, my economic recovery plan will launch the most sweeping effort to modernize and upgrade school buildings that this country has ever seen. We will repair broken schools, make them energy-efficient, and put new computers in our classrooms. Because to help our children compete in a 21st century economy, we need to send them to 21st century schools. As we renew our schools and highways, we’ll also renew our information superhighway. It is unacceptable that the United States ranks 15th in the world in broadband adoption. Here, in the country that invented the Internet, every child should have the chance to get online, and they’ll get that chance when I’m President because that’s how we’ll strengthen America’s competitiveness in the world. In addition to connecting our libraries and schools to the Internet, we must also ensure that our hospitals are connected to each other through the Internet. That is why the economic recovery plan I’m proposing will help modernize our health care system; and that won’t just save jobs, it will save lives. We will make sure that every doctor’s office and hospital in this country is using cutting edge technology and electronic medical records so that we can cut red tape, prevent medical mistakes, and help save billions of dollars each year. These are just a few parts of the economic recovery plan that I will be rolling out in the coming weeks. When Congress reconvenes in January, I look forward to working with them to pass a plan immediately. We need to act with the urgency this moment demands to save or create at least two and a half million jobs so that the nearly two million Americans who’ve lost them know that they have a future. And that’s exactly what I intend to do as President of the United States. Thanks for listening. Source:Â  https://www.loc.gov/

Discuss the theory of Transfer Pricing in relation to competitiveness, Essay

Discuss the theory of Transfer Pricing in relation to competitiveness, management, minimisation, avoidance and internal concerns. Use the theory as basis for a - Essay Example Optimal transfer pricing techniques are adopted by MNCs to maximize profits within the organization through tax liability avoidance (Keegan and Green 2005). The strategic imperatives behind transfer pricing efforts include a desire to have a competitive edge over rivals, minimize costs or maximize revenue, maximize strategic management-related gains such as x-efficiency and above all establishing market leader status. Any MNC would introduce its product into a foreign market by using transfer pricing as a very attractive pricing strategy within the organization itself. The first and foremost strategic initiative is to arrive at an overall estimate of the organization’s cost structure and its composition such as the amount of fixed cost, variable cost, average cost and marginal cost. Then the firm would look at its revenue flow estimates such as the total revenue, average revenue and marginal revenue. An MNC would adopt optimal transfer pricing strategy and its variants to achieve organizational goals and corporate objectives as an MNC across the world (Elliot and Emmanuel 2000). This paper would examine in detail the Japanese market for Xbox 360 with the main focus on strategic transfer pricing techniques that would be adopted by Microsoft in Japan to achieve its main organizational aims. Thus, its remit would include such international marketing concepts as strategic market/customer/product/competitor orientation, and tactics like the principle of maximum product differentiation. It is not unusual for MNCs to apply transfer pricing in a variety of international business contexts. Video game console market in the world has not only been noticed to possess some peculiar characteristics but also it has intrinsically developed unique trend of extrapolation in conformance with cross self-entertainment specificities across a series

Turkish Foreign Policy since the Ottoman Empire Essay

Turkish Foreign Policy since the Ottoman Empire - Essay Example Since time immemorial,Turkey had been a predominantly a Muslim country that was controlled by the Sultanates of the Ottoman Empire.However,through a nationalist movement led by Musataf Kemal,Turkey was able to establish itself as a prosperous secular state that could assert itself as a force in the Central African region. To establish itself to be the modern day Turkey, it had to employ numerous strategies as the Ottoman Empire under the leadership of the Sultanates was greatly opposed to an independent Turkish state with a distinct language, dress code and run through secular laws. The early leadership of Abdulhamid II (1876-1909) that laid claim that the Ottoman Sultan was the universal leader of the Muslims used propaganda and counter-propaganda. However, he did not anticipate that opposition could come from an Islamic perspective. This Sunni idea was largely opposed by the Shiite Iran who did not recognize the Ottoman Empire as it occupied what was traditionally land owned by the Arabs, due to endless persecution, the As Shiites and the Sunnis waged an endless war depending on which side they supported.1 As a method to re-engineer the state towards attaining legitimacy, the Ottoman Empire bought about education through the imposition of uniform religious values through primary and secondary education. This has however been proved to have been the Ottoman Empire’s way of propaganda to educate the ills of the Shiites to the Iraqi population which was perceived to be a moral duty. Finally, it was proved that the attempts of the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire fell flat on its face but formed the basis of the republican Turkish nation building, which has been a success. This historical heritage of past concepts and conflicts explains the current geopolitical occurrences in the Middle East and Central Asia.2 As at the imminent collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the sultanate became only limited to the plateau at Anatolia. The implementation of the Treaty of Ser ves weakened the empire as it lost its geopolitical positioning that deprived it of its most important resources. This led to the formation of nationalist movements under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal, which culminated in the National Pact of Ankara of January 1920 that resolved to claim those parts of the empire occupied by Turkish populations that laid the basis for the Kemal foreign policy that focused on national unity buttressed by economic and political independence. Through nationalist uprisings and rebellions, the forces led by Kemal were able to crush the Armenian Republic as well as defeating the Greeks. In the process, it was able to negotiate itself into occupying Asia Minor and East Thrace. The Lausanne Treaty set the stage for the Kemalist foreign relation policy especially Greek-Turkish relations marked with the fall of the Ottoman Empire and the beginning of Turkey under Kemal. This marked the proclamation of Turkey as a republic after the Sultan had been driven aw ay and recognition of Turkey as a secular state.3 Thereafter the Kemal regime focused on pursuing a foreign policy of maintaining peace as Turkey had been involved in a conflict for almost a decade. To achieve this, even when there was the First World War and the upheavals in South Eastern Europe, Turkey adopted a neutral stand. For example, Turkey signed a treaty with Russia known as the Turco-Soviet Treaty of Neutrality and Non-Agression that emphasized its neutrality and no acts of aggression in whatever circumstances. What was integral to Turkey then was the securing of its borders through emphasis on territorial integrity as well as the independence of Turkey as republic.4 Later Turkey forged a common foreign policy with Russia to the extent of refusing to be members of the League of Nations due to the suspicion of the Western powers, Turkey was also apprehensive of some articles in the treaty forming the League of Nations. After the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Unio n

Basic Marketing Plan- Cell Phones Essay Example for Free

Basic Marketing Plan- Cell Phones Essay We are the #1 maker of cell phones in the world and we are also aiming for the top of the nascent mobile Internet market. Our products are divided primarily between three divisions: devices (handheld device manufacturing); services and software (consumer Internet services and products); and markets (supply chains, sales channels, and marketing). Our wireless network products business is operated in partnership with Siemens as Nokia Siemens Networks; the joint venture is the #3 player in the wireless networking equipment market behind Ericsson and Alcatel-Lucent. STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES THREATS AND OPPORTUNITIES MARKET STRATEGY Our goal is to re-emerge into the US Market by re-inventing our marketing mix and strategy. The first step will be to revamp our image in the US by altering the current perception of our phones. We need to reposition ourselves in the marketplace as the leader in high quality, contemporary phone devices. When deciding how we would re-invent ourselves we looked at several options. The first option we explored were licensing agreements with other phone manufacturers. We decided not to choose this option because of the strong manufacturing channels we already have in place all across the globe. We also did not want to risk having our name associated with phones that were not of an extremely high quality for fear that this could lower our reputation in the US even more. Another option we evaluated was to enter into a partnership with a DSL phone service provider such as Vonage. We were exploring the option of developing a new break through Voice of IP service but after discussion we deciding this would not allow us to focus on our core products, which are handheld devices. POSITIONING STATEMENT In the US we are currently perceived as a cheap, outdated phone that is only suitable for the very young or the very old. To the Savvy and Technologically inclined consumer we are seem as an overly simplified phone that doesn’t have all of the latest features. Most often the US consumer is not willing to pay top dollar for a Nokia phone so they only get one if it’s given away free with a contract. This perception of us needs to change. We need to reposition ourselves as the world’s leader in handheld cellular devices. We need to expose consumers to our new phones with break through features. We need to bring back consumer confidence so that they believe our phones are stylish, durable, reliable and top quality. We also want consumers to feel as if Nokia is a strong brand name with longevity in the market. We don’t want our phones to be seen as outdated and obsolete so we need to show the US how strong and advanced we are in the RD department. TARGET AUDIENCE In order to reposition our brand in the US Marketplace we will focus on three specific target audiences. The first being Young Adults aged 17 to 24 and the next being business professionals aged 25 to 40.We will attract men and women alike with various elements that should appeal to both sexes. Our goal will be to launch 2 different campaigns that will gain attention from people in these age groups but from a diverse range of racial backgrounds. The campaigns will be launched nationwide and will focus on showing Nokia in more of an American light with and American attitude. We will go after high school and college students who are interested in having the newest and coolest phone on the market. They will be from an upper class background and influenced by the hot new trends in the fashion, music and technology industries. They will be very image conscious and they want to show that their phone has the newest features. They will be fun loving and exciting individuals with eager and fast paced attitudes. Next we will focus on attracting young and mature professionals aged 25 to 40. This group will be more conservative and business oriented. They will be driven by work and are hoping to move up the corporate ladder. They will typically be from the middle to upper class and highly status conscious. They will not be sensitive to prices, as they will view the phone more as a business tool rather then an accessory. PROMOTION Given the Business objective of re-emerging in the US market and of boosting Nokia’s overall awareness and image as an inspirational brand we will drive the overall brand image through several mediums. Our primary media will be television commercials and our secondary media will consist of magazine ads and sponsorships. We hope to attract the new target audience of 17 to 24 years though the arena of music and television. We will sponsor music concerts and run commercials on cable networks such as MTV and VH1. We will promote sweepstakes were concert tickets and CD’s are given away free To attract our second target audience we will advertise in magazines such as Newsweek and Business Weekly in order to introduce our new phone to in a mature light. We want to appeal to business professionals who are looking to establish themselves and we want them to believe that our phone can help them achieve their goals. PRODUCT STRATEGY Our new product strategy will be to introduce the new Wimax technology to the US through our new phones. In order to take advantage of the Wimax techonology we will need to team up with Sprint who has developed the new faster wireless network. Our new phones will be the only ones available that can access the network at speeds 3 times as fast as 3G. Nokia will receive subscription fees from Sprint while selling the phones to them as a profit. The new technology will allow people to receive internet connection speeds on their phones that are as fast as their cable modems at home. NEW SLOGAN, NEW LOGO With our new phones and our new technology there will also be a new slogan. For the new campaigns we will emphasize that our two new phones are both $200 so the phrase we’ll use will be Two for Two. We will also use the slogan â€Å" Replace your laptop with your Nokia†

The Life of Oscar Wilde Essay -- Biographies

The Life of Oscar Wilde The year is 1884 and many things have taken place in the life of our literary giant, Oscar Wilde has been married years and his touring of the United States and other countries have shown his of success in his writing all over the literary world. Some of his most recent writtings are "The Picture of Dorian Gray"(1891), "A Woman of No Importance"(1894) and his most resent essay known as "The Decay of Lying" is Oscar’s story of his outrage about the current style of writing that is going into the art society. What has happened to the spectacularness of this art, it has come down to being as horrid as what is being published in the local newspapers. Is it true that " The Decay of Lying" has fallen to its deepest shadow of shame? It seems that in the words of Oscar Wilde, that is the shameful truth. How could this type of atrocity take place. It seems that the Victorian society in still under the belief that the Romanticism of life is still coursing through their veins, dead veins to be more specific. Wilde's views romanticism as a crude, childish and yet passive thing of the past and that it should remain there in the past. The romantics ideas of nature and realism need to be brought up-to-date. Wilde has criticized the likes of as Wordsworth and other writers of the Romantic Era, they would send us out to nature and say "The solutions to societies problems and can best be remedied out here, within the confines of nature, this is where you need to be. Walking, talking, being out in the great airy open and embrace what nature has to offer. Only here can you expect to amend and resolve any personal and troublesome problems." Wilde's interpretation of this remedy: outlandish, extreme and insane, society has e... ...t about a man, his character, morals and beliefs as a whole. At this moment, Jack becomes distressed about this problem his lady love had let him know that she could never marry a man that has the name other than Earnest. As a result of this occurrence our main character find that he must be christen with the name of Earnest in order for Gwendolyn to consider him as a husband. This situation is one of many that Wilde has created as a form of lying. When this play was first, performed and seen, people were outraged at this type of story. Wilde continues to explain in more plays, poems and other forms of writing that his plays and other forms of writing are just to be observed as entertainment. His goal was not to be a moralist and instill morals for the masses. That was the furthest thing from his mind, Wilde intent is to create art that is for what it is Art’s sake.

History of Translation Short

HISTORY OF TRANSL. : †¢ St. Jerome-bible into latin †¢ 14/ 15 century: Chrystus z martwych wstal jest Psalterz florianski/ krol. Jadwigi- in 3 lang. Zoltarz dawidow- W. Wrobel, clumsy, latin syntax Only religious txts †¢ 16 cent. : first secular lit. Development of pl lang New testament by St. Murzynowski 1st full tr. of bible by Jan Wojek[you can borrow some things from previous tr. if are good] Leonard z Bonczy†historyja Aleksandra Wlk. .. Biernat z lbn „Raj duszny†, Ezop’s fables Jan z Koszczek „Rozmowy kt mial krol Salomon.. † †¢ 17 cent.Lukasz Gornicki „Dworzanin polski† Sep Sarzynski-paraphrasing songs Jan Kochanowski „Psalterz Dawidow† Andrzej Kochanowski- Wirgiliusz, Eneida †¢ Baroque: nothing important †¢ Enlightened: Developng of tr. Free tr. Polonisations Intermediere tr. Beginnning of tr. tech. Translator as a canon builder Bohomolec-tr. demand more work than original St. Kostka Pot ocki-prawdziwa sztuka to przekladanie, nie tr. Fr. Ks. Dmochowski- Homer, Milton W. Boguslawski â€Å"Hamlet† Adam Mickiewicz â€Å"Giaur† G. Byron Leon Borowski- rules of faithfull tr. J.Slowacki- â€Å"Ksiaze niezlomny† v. vague, far from orig. †¢ 19 cent. J. Paszkowski, St. Kozmian, L. Urlich- Shakespeare C. K. Norwid „Dante Comedies†- v. much of his style †¢ Positivism- Victorian lit. †¢ Fin de siecle Openess for tr. Zenon Przesmycki –Poe’s poetry Leopold Staff- versatile tr. Boleslaw Lesmian-Poe’s tales T. Boy Zelenski- Balzac, Proust †¢ 20 cent. Julian Tuwim- russian poetry Czeslaw Milosz- â€Å"The waist land† T. S. Elliot †¢ after war period publishing with cuts censorship authors tr works bec they couldn’t publish their own lit. M. Dabrowska] †¢ ‘50 tr. th: O. Lukasiewicz, R. Ingarden, Z. Klemensiewicz; †¢ ‘70 magic realism polemics, criticizm M. Slomczynskiâ⠂¬ Alice†¦ †, Shakespeare †¢ after 1989 trends in tr. St. Baranczak ENGLAND: King Alfred Aelfric G. Chaucer-fr. Works William Caxton- fr. txt William Tyndale- Bible, wide spectrum of styles, specific structure and rythm FRANCE: Charles V- infavour of tr. Jacque Amyat- the prince of tr. , rewival of tr. , making txt beautiful; Nicolas d’Abencourt- belle infidele Pierre le Tournier- Biblie

Influence of Optimist and Pessimist for Success Essay

For example, an optimist will look at a sunset and think, â€Å"Look how beautiful nature is, thank god, life is a wonderful present,† where a pessimist will look at the same one and think, â€Å"The sunset means another day of life passed over and I have one day closer to death. † It is just like an optimist seeing a half-water filled bottle as half full when the pessimist sees half empty. Scientists believe that people with an optimistic attitude towards life can be more successful than pessimists. It is no doubt about that, but people need pessimistic thinking to triumph. Despite everyone knowing optimists are more likely successful, too much optimism or over confidence will lead to negative consequences, even disaster. For example, in ancient times there were three most undoubtedly powerful and prosperous dynasties: Ancient China, Ancient Babylon and Ancient Egypt. Once Ancient China ruled the world. Over a period of 5,000 years the Chinese people developed a unique, self-contained and self-centered society at the extreme eastern end of the Eurasian landmass. The Chinese complacently thought that they did not want what modern science offered—greater technology, power over the natural world, and an improved standard of living. Unlike Westerners, the over-optimistic Chinese felt no need to develop modern science to conquer the natural world. Eventually, as a consequence, Chinese people had been suffering from catastrophic warfare for more than hundreds of years, and there had been not less than one hundred million dead. The only reason why it happened was just because of an unintelligent decision that secluded China from the outside world made by an over-confident and over-optimistic empire. A perfect piece of art or invention, as I have observed, cannot be made simply by those are without pessimistic thinking or critical thinking. Steve Jobs (February 24, 1955-October 5, 2011) was a co-founder, chairman and CEO of Apple Inc. He had such an active professional life that it would not be easy to list all his incredible achievements in one article, but many people knew he had been a over-optimistic loser when the Apple III model came to the public. Jobs thought everything would be going well as he wanted, but truthfully it was not. The over optimism got him fired from the Apple company for eleven years before he finally returned to the Apple company that he established. After that, Jobs became a revolutionary inventor of the digital world. He made legends; he amazingly changed the world. What made Jobs success was that he turned from an optimist to a critical thinker during a low tide of his life. He no longer thought what he invented was perfection and began to criticize his work thousands of times before publishing. Having pessimistic think or called critical thinking makes it possible for people to be as successful as Jobs. However, the information above does not imply that it is wrong for us to be optimists. Optimists succeed more easily in all areas of life. Recent studies show that optimists excel in school, have a better love life, make more money, have better health and live longer. Optimists also do better in the face of stress. Even though optimists bite off more than they can chew, they still end up healthier and happier than pessimists. So the answer of which perspective is correct is neither. What is really important is not which way of thinking is correct but which is more beneficial. You can make a case for each side of the situation. Information about China history from I have learned in history class Information about Steve Jobs from Youtube Steve Jobs speeches The following list from http://www. centreforconfidence. co. uk/pp/overview. php? p=c2lkPTQmdGlkPTAmaWQ9NTY= The benefits of being optimistic include: * Better health * Longer life A happier life * Less stress and anxiety * Successful careers * Better educational qualifications * Better relationships * Better at problem-solving * More resilient in the face of adversity * Cope better with failure The costs of being pessimistic include: * Depression * Dying younger * Inertia in the face of adversity * Having a lower immune system * Suffering increased ill-health, both physical and mental * Not performing well at work * Failure when faced with crucial situa tions * Poorer relationships Even when things turn out badly, pessimists don’t feel good about making the * More fun and worthwhile. People’s Attitude towards Life Outline Thesis: It is no doubt that optimists are more likely to succeed, but success cannot be without pessimists. Opinion 1: the overoptimistic attitude will lead negative consequence. For example ancient China Opinion 2: the pessimistic thinking or called critical thinking can help you succeed. For example Steve Jobs Conclusion: we cannot totally deny the benefit brought by optimistic attitude.

Improving Cvs Inventory System Essays

Improving Cvs Inventory System Essays Improving Cvs Inventory System Essay Improving Cvs Inventory System Essay The purpose of this project was to gain experience in quality improvement by working with an organization to identify a business problem, analyze the causes, develop an improvement plan, implement changes, and to verify the effectiveness of the solutions. For this project we had to keep scope in mind. This project had to follow certain criteria, such as: that it is a manageable project with a local organization, it can be completed within the time frame of the course, it has a direct impact on external customers, it is relatively simple, and that it is not something that is currently undergoing major changes. The partner organization that our group worked with was CVS Pharmacies, and our main problem had to do with their current inventory process. Through problem identification tools, that helped us determine the what, when, where, how and who of the problem, as well as through tools such as SIPOC, catter plots, CE diagrams and KPIV/KPOV diagrams we were able to develop a focused problem statement. Our focused problem statement says that due to a poor inventory process, it takes too long for employees to find items that are out of stock (on the shelves), that have been requested for by customers, resulting in lost productivity, as well as frustration by customers, employees and ma nagement. This lost productivity results in poor quality that can be associated with a cost, as poor quality has a cost. We used a DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) approach to help us with this project. The define portion was used to identify the nature of the customer service problem, the measure phase was used to determine key service metrics, during the analyze stage we analyzed the reasons for poor service, within the improve stage we established new service protocols and implemented training strategies, and during the control phase we implemented controls to maintain the improvements that have been made. Some of the major results/findings of the report can be found in the graphs below. They show a summarization of data collected before and after recommendations have been made, in order to determine if any improvements have taken place. In conclusion we were able to make dramatic changes within the CVS we partnered with regarding their inventory process, we were able to reduce average times by 54%, range reduced by 70%, and standard deviation reduced by 50%, it can be concluded that the implementation plan we have instilled within the organization has made improvements to the overall inventory process. Recommendations for the CVS organization include two main ideas, organization and employee motivation. It is crucial that CVS maintain the current organization of their overstock area, with each isle having its own place within overstock, making it much easier for employees to find items. Also the CVS must keep their employees both well informed and motivated. Their employees must understand how important it is to have an organized stockroom, and must be taught how to maintain it. Also employers must motivate their employees to keep a more organized inventory, and also help motivate them to try and keep the shelves stocked, preventing them from even having to go in the overstock inventory area. In conclusion: due to an improved inventory process, it now takes less time for employees to find overstock items, this results in more productivity, a reduced cost of poor quality, as well as less frustration by customers, employees and management. Improvement Opportunity: The Define Phase The purpose of this project was to gain experience in quality improvement by working with an organization to identify a business problem, analyze the causes, develop an improvement plan, implement changes, and to verify the effectiveness of the solutions. For this project we had to keep scope in mind. This project had to follow certain criteria, such as: that it is a manageable project with a local organization, it can be completed within the time frame of the course, it has a direct impact on external customers, it is relatively simple, and that it is not something that is currently undergoing major changes. The company that our group has partnered with for this project is CVS Pharmacies. We looked into this company to see if there were any areas for improvement within the organization that would have an impact on external customers. Within this define stage is when we did exactly that, we defined the problem. One problem that we found within the CVS Pharmacy, that would be easy enough to handle given the scope of the project, concerned the stores current inventory (overstock, backstock) system. It seemed that currently there was no formalized process with regard to placing items in overstock, resulting in an unorganized and unconventional overstock area. This created a problem because it made it harder for employees to find items within overstock, once they have been requested by a customer. For example, a customer wants to by an item, but that shelf is empty, they then ask an employee to check overstock to see if there are any more of the requested items, but due to the lack of organization it takes a long time for employees to find these items, if they even find them. This is a problem because it results in lost productivity from employees, since they spend much time looking for overstock items, as well as frustration from customers, who must wait; frustration from employees who struggle trying to quickly find items; and managers who are angered because their employees are frustrated, and by the loss of productivity. The main key measure that was used to evaluate success was time. It was agreed that the easiest way one could measure and later evaluate and compare data for this project was by minutes. Minutes it takes for employees to find overstock items for customers. This way one could compare averages and deviations from both before and after an attempt to relieve this problem, to determine if any improvements to the process have been made. One of the ways our group used to determine our problem and to get a better understanding of the entire process was through the development of a SIPOC diagram. A SIPOC diagram helps identify the key Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customers of the situation. Our developed SIPOC Diagram is seen below. Performance: The Measure Phase During the measure phase our group collected data that indicated the what, when, and where of the problem. The define stage helped as well in the identification of key input and output variables through the use of KPIV and KPOV diagrams. Also during this stage is when the identification of a target performance level was found, as well as a quantification of the current performance level, and a measurement systems analysis. What we measured was the amount of time in minutes in takes employees to find overstock items for customers. This measurement was timed from the moment the customer engaged the employee until the moment that customer received the status of the requested item, with it either being located or deemed unavailable at that location. The figure below is the KPIV and KPOV diagram, this diagram was used to identity both key process input variables as well as key process output variables. Some of the key process input variables include management, employees, customers, and current information systems. In retrospect some of the key process output variables include customer service, better time management for employees, and other tasks that need to be completed. In summary this process has problems because it is taking too long for items to get from overstock to the customer. Also during this measure phase we gathered data. The data gathered for this project as aforementioned was time in minutes it takes employees to retrieve items from overstock. For this our group collected over thirty points of data. A summary of the data we collected can be seen in the figure below, and raw data can be found within the appendix. We analyzed this data to determine the average time it takes employees to find items from within overstock; we also calculated the range of times, as well as the standard deviation. Summary of Data| Â  | Average| | 2 min 55 Sec. | Range| | Â  | | Low| 1 min 20 Sec. | | High| 12 min 20 Sec. | Standard Deviation| 1 min 38 Sec. | Another item measured was how much time on average an employee spends looking for requested items in any given shift, in order to determine the cost of this poor quality. It turned out that out of 18 hours worked, a total of two hours was spent by one employee looking for requested items, averaging out to roughly 48 minutes per eight hour shift. With this information a cost of this poor quality was determined. It was found by multiplying that 48 min per eight hour shift times five days per week, times 50 weeks for the year and lastly multiplying it by the average wage rate of CVS employees of $10 per hour. The projected cost of poor quality was found to be a loss of 203 hours per employee per year, with a rough cost of $2030 per employee per year as well. Later this data can be compared to future data to determine if any quality process improvements have been made. Analysis Findings: The Analyze Phase During the analyze phase, our group started off by developing the focused problem statement. We developed this statement by using a when, where, who, and how analysis. This analysis can be seen below. * What – Employees take too long to find items requested by the customer in overstock when the item is not on the shelves. This results in frustration among the customers as well as the employees. When – The problem takes place during operational hours of the store. * Where – The problem occurs on the sales floor as well as in overstock. * Who – The people involved in the process are the employees, customers, and management. * How – This problem takes place because of a poor inventory process with no set procedures. The next step was to determine the root cause of the problem. We did this by asking the 5 whys to get to the core of why customers and employees were experiencing unnecessary wait times to find the merchandise they were looking for: 1. Why is the process taking so long? The products are not on the shelf. 2. Why are the products not on the shelf? The stockroom is unorganized. 3. Why is the stockroom unorganized? Management has not implemented an effective process to organize the stockroom. 4. Why hasn’t management implemented an effective organization process? Management has not found the problem significant enough to make a change to the current process. 5. Why doesn’t management find it important to change the current process? Management is either not using or does not have the information about the possible losses from the current unorganized state of the stockroom and the possible gains from implementing a new system to organize the stockroom. Next, we brainstormed the potential factors that were causing the extended wait times into a cause-and-effect diagram. As shown below, the main four major categories involved were the equipment, process, people, and management | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | EQUIPMENT| | | | PROCESS| | | | | | | | | | | | Scanner Gun| | | No formalized process| | | | Once a Week| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Employee motivation| | Inconsistency| | | | | | and competency| | | | | | | | | | | Not uniform| | | | | Customers| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PEOPLE| | | MANAGEMENT| | | | | We believed that there were three theories of causes, which were the people, management, and the process itself. First, the people factor was a main source because of the lack of employee motivation. Employees would either be frustrated with trying to find the merchandise, possibly causing them to quit searching altogether, or would simply lack the motivation to want to find the items in an unorganized stockroom. Also, since there was no formalized procedure in place, each employee had their own technique in trying to retrieve items from overstock to the sales floor. Next, management is a potential theory of cause because they may not have seen that a problem existed and did not take steps to fix or analyze that there may have been a problem. Last, there was no formalized process. When the customer would request an item, many items were left in overstock when the item could have been on the shelves to prevent wait time. Next we used a scatter plot (which can be seen below) to see if the isle number and the time taken to find each item had any correlation. From the scatter plot below, there did not seem to be any correlation between the isles where the items were positioned in the store and the time it took to find each item. The Improve Phase Possible Solutions: While brainstorming for this project our group came up with four possible solutions to the problem of finding out of stock items at CVS. They were; Organization of the back room, manager and employee involvement, the regular filling of outs, and more frequent resupply. * Organization of the back room simply means what it says, to organize the on hand inventory in such a way as to make it easier to find an item that is out of stock on the sales floor. * Management and employee involvement is to get the staff at the CVS to create a culture of maintaining the sales floor and on hand inventories more closely, and to strive to not have the problem of having to find the items in the first place. Filling outs regularly means to go through the sales floor periodically though out the day and fill the empty spaces on the shelves with the appropriate merchandise. * Resupplying more often was thought to have more frequent deliveries of merchandise to prevent selling out of items and possibly to help maintain a smaller on hand inventory in the back, possibly along the lines of JIT. Tests of Theories: To test the organization of th e back room the area was organized by aisle and the merchandise that would belong on that aisle grouped in that area. It took a little while to complete but was fairly simple and straight forward. The reorganization was done in an afternoon and the staff was reminded to maintain the placement of the stock. Manager and employee involvement was trickier. The concept had to be presented to CVS management in such a way as to get their attention and cooperation. Improved customer service and resulting sales were the key points. Unfortunately, there was a lack of interest on the part of both management and employees to change their current behaviors. To get the outs filled regularly the employees (or more specifically, Phong) were instructed to walk the sales floor though out the day and to fill any outs they came across. This one tied in closely with management and employee involvement and as such there was trouble in getting the employees to remember to continue checking and filling outs. They would do it perhaps once during the day, not enough to make a serious impact. For the more frequent resupply the on hand inventory was monitored to see what items were running out and how fast, as well as how long it took to receive new shipment of those items. It was discovered though that only a few items would ever completely run out. And the cost that would be incurred to reschedule deliveries and quantities for a few small items far outweighed the inconvenience of them being out of stock. While these were being implemented the time it took to find an item for the customer was being documented to compare to the previous data collected at the beginning of the project. Select Best Solution: While we were testing the possible solutions it became clear that some simply would not work. The more frequent resupply was not worth the effort and quite simply beyond the capabilities of the group to implement. Without being able to generate a culture of involvement with the managers and employees not only did it make improvement difficult to achieve and maintain it also affected the plan to frequently fill the outs on the shelf, as staff members simply were not involved at a necessary level to perform. As simple as that solution was it was not being effective. The best solution turned out to be to reorganize the back room. It was done in one day and was easy to keep staff members continuing to use it once it was done. As well it was not much different from the past, simply better organized. As well as our data showed the time it took to find an item did in fact decrease. Improvement Plan and Implementation: In a way the plan and implementation are already complete. The times to find items have already improved and the organization of the back room has already been done so the real plan now is to make sure that the CVS staff maintains the back room in that order and does not let it return to its previous disorganized stated. Hopefully over time this first step will foster a more proactive attitude towards the on hand inventory and actions such as filling the outs regularly will come naturally. Measures of Results: The data below was collected before implementation and after implementation. The average time before implementation was 2. 99 minutes and after implementation the average was 1. 34 minutes. The average time it took to locate items dropped dramatically with a reduction of 54%, which average time dropping from 175 seconds down to 80 seconds. Also the range has been reduced by 70%, with range being reduced from 11 minutes down to 2 minutes 40 seconds. The low of the range was brought down by a full minute, and the high was reduced by roughly nine minutes. Also we compared our two standard deviations and found a reduction of 50%, going from 1 minute 38 seconds down to 49 seconds. But what about the cost of poor quality, has that been reduced? Yes, it has. Originally our cost of poor quality was calculated within the measure phase of the project and was projected at $2030, or 203 lost hours per employee per year, but with the new processes in place these numbers have been reduced to $930, or 93 hours. This reduction of the cost of poor quality saves CVS on average $1100 per employee per year. The Control Phase Several steps need to be taken to maintain the improvements made on CVS’s inventory system. It needs to start with upper management. Upper management needs to create a culture of quality and set an example for the employees. Upper management should set new standards and procedures for the employees to follow. The employees should receive training equivalent to at least 1 day of work throughout the workweek for a period of 1-2 weeks to ensure full comprehension of the new formalized inventory process. The sales floor should be checked twice a week for items out of stock and items running low in stock on the sales floor. When either situation occurs, the safety stock from the stockroom should be used to fill in the empty shelves. Employees should be given scanner guns to determine if the items are available on the spot for the customer before they have to walk to the stockroom. The appropriate reorder point should be determined to prevent running out of safety stock, reducing the risk of stock-outs. Several lessons were learned from deciding to implement an organization process for a stockroom. The best way to organize a stockroom is by using shelves and pallets. First, we need to place food items on food shelves and paper items on paper shelves. Canned goods should be placed together in rows containing specific foods. Any bulk items should be placed on the top shelves. Next, extra containers and shelving should be purchased to ensure the stockroom has a place for everything including future shipments. The best way is to make exactly another front store in the backroom so we know where the items are when we need to find them for customers. Several lessons were learned from the overall project. The first was to understand the DMAIC process of Six Sigma and using it to solve problems. It is a valuable tool in solving significant business problems and identifying and removing defects to improve quality, ultimately saving the business costs associated with poor quality. We also learned to use a team approach to problem-solving. The DMAIC process requires a team effort from top management to lower-level employees and works best when everyone involved contributes their efforts to improve a process. Finally, the time spent on the project taught us to apply the appropriate problem-solving tools throughout the entire process. Conclusion After working with the CVS organization for several weeks, we were able to make a comparison of are original data and are second set of data that was collected during the improve phase. This was done to see, if in fact we have made some sort of quantifiable improvement to the process. One of the easiest ways to do this is through data comparison. As you may recall, we originally measured how long it takes for employees to retrieve items from overstock once they have been requested by the customer. We then calculated average, standard deviation, and the range of the data. The original data as well as the second data set can be seen below. Once one has all the quantifiable data available for comparison, it is easy to determine whether or not an improvement to the system and process has been made. By looking above it can easily be seen that an improvement has been made. The average time it took to locate items dropped dramatically with a reduction of 54%, which average time dropping from 175 seconds down to 80 seconds. Also the range has been reduced by 70%, with range being reduced from 11 minutes down to 2 minutes 40 seconds. The low of the range was brought down by a full minute, and the high was reduced by roughly nine minutes. Also we compared our two standard deviations and found a reduction of 50%, going from 1 minute 38 seconds down to 49 seconds. But what about the cost of poor quality, has that been reduced? Yes, it has. Originally our cost of poor quality was calculated within the measure phase of the project and was projected at $2030, or 203 lost hours per employee per year, but with the new processes in place these numbers have been reduced to $930, or 93 hours. This reduction of the cost of poor quality saves CVS on average $1100 per employee per year. In conclusion the recommendations that we applied to this process has had an overall improvement to the inventory system at our partner CVS location. Through the use of the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) process and with the help of several tools such as SIPOC diagrams, Cause and Effect diagrams, as well as tools to help identify key players such as the KPOV/KPIV diagrams, and through the implementation of a better formalized process; we were able to dramatically improve the inventory process for our CVS partnership store, with average time reduced by 54%, range reduced by 70%, and standard deviation reduced by 50%, it can be concluded that the implementation plan we have instilled within the organization has made improvements to the overall inventory process.